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The Snap & Sniff® threshold test system was developed to provide scientists, clinicians, and others with a standardized, easy-to- use, and reliable means for assessing odor detection thresholds. In its standard form, the test employs the odorant phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEA), a stimulus with a rose-like smell at higher concentrations and little or no intranasal trigeminal nerve (CN V) reactivity. Other odorants, including n- butanol, ethyl acetate, guaiacol, pentyl (amyl) acetate, and phenyl ethyl methyl ethyl carbinol, are also available from Sensonics on a custom basis. The Snap & Sniff® threshold test kit is comprised of 20 smell “wands”. Five of these wands contain no odor, whereas the other wands contain, in the case of the standard odorant phenyl ethyl alcohol, half-log stimulus dilutions ranging from 10-2 (strongest) to 10-9 (weakest) concentrations. The odor of a given wand is contained within a cartridge similar to that of a felt-tip pen. When the thumb of the operator pushes forward on a slide mechanism, the odorized tip is exposed for sampling and presented to the subject. Releasing the slide retracts the odorized tip back into the wand’s housing. The Snap & Sniff® mechanism results in an easy presentation of an odorant to a subject. Because the odorant tip is presented only briefly, the odor is retained for much longer periods and can be used for testing many more subjects than devices lacking such sophisticated technology.

The Sensonics’ S&S-D test is a member of Snap & Sniff® Olfactory Testing System. This test, along with the other members of the Snap & Sniff® family, was developed to provide scientists, clinicians, and others with a standardized, easy-to-use, and reliable means for evaluating the ability of subjects to discriminate odors. Detailed instructions are provided in an accompanying manual to minimize variability in test administration. The test employs the following odorants: phenyl ethyl alcohol; anethole; amyl acetate; and guaiacol. Formulated at iso-intensive levels, the wands are presented in groups of 3 and the subject is asked to choose which of the 3 is different. The presentation pattern is intuitive and easy to follow. The Snap & Sniff® Discrimination Test kit is comprised of 20 smell “wands”. The odor of a given wand is contained within a proprietary odor-emitting cartridge. When the thumb of the operator pushes forward on a slide mechanism, the odorized tip is exposed for sampling and presented to the subject. Releasing the slide retracts the odorized tip back into the wand’s housing. The Snap & Sniff® mechanism results in an easy presentation of an odorant to a subject. Because the odorant tip is presented only briefly, the odor is retained for much longer periods and can be used for testing many more subjects than devices lacking such sophisticated technology. Liquids, per se, are not present in the sniff wands.

The Sensonics 16-item odor identification test is a member of the Snap & Sniff® Olfactory Testing System family. This test, along with the other members of the family, was developed to provide scientists, clinicians, and others with a standardized, easy-to-use, and reliable means for evaluating the ability of subjects to identify odors. Detailed instructions are provided in an accompanying manual to acquaint the test administrator with the details of proper test administration. The test employs the following familiar odorants: mint, lemon, leather, banana, orange, paint thinner, garlic, licorice, cloves, pineapple, apple, rose, coffee, fish, cinnamon, and chocolate. The S&S-I is comprised of 16 smell “wands”. The odor of a given wand is contained within a proprietary odor emitting cartridge. When the thumb of the operator pushes forward on a slide mechanism, the odorized tip is exposed for sampling and presented to the subject. Releasing the slide retracts the odorized tip back into the wand’s housing. The Snap & Sniff® mechanism results in an easy presentation of an odorant to a subject. Because the odorant tip is presented only briefly, the odor is retained for much longer periods and can be used for testing many more subjects than devices lacking such sophisticated technology. Liquids, per se, are not present in the sniff wands.

The Snap & Sniff® threshold test system was developed to provide scientists, clinicians, and others with a standardized, easy-to- use, and reliable means for assessing odor detection thresholds. In its standard form, the test employs the odorant phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEA), a stimulus with a rose-like smell at higher concentrations and little or no intranasal trigeminal nerve (CN V) reactivity. Other odorants, including n- butanol, ethyl acetate, guaiacol, pentyl (amyl) acetate, and phenyl ethyl methyl ethyl carbinol, are also available from Sensonics on a custom basis. The Snap & Sniff® threshold test kit is comprised of 20 smell “wands”. Five of these wands contain no odor, whereas the other wands contain, in the case of the standard odorant phenyl ethyl alcohol, half-log stimulus dilutions ranging from 10-2 (strongest) to 10-9 (weakest) concentrations. The odor of a given wand is contained within a cartridge similar to that of a felt-tip pen. When the thumb of the operator pushes forward on a slide mechanism, the odorized tip is exposed for sampling and presented to the subject. Releasing the slide retracts the odorized tip back into the wand’s housing. The Snap & Sniff® mechanism results in an easy presentation of an odorant to a subject. Because the odorant tip is presented only briefly, the odor is retained for much longer periods and can be used for testing many more subjects than devices lacking such sophisticated technology.

The Sensonics 16-item odor identification test is a member of the Snap & Sniff® Olfactory Testing System family. This test, along with the other members of the family, was developed to provide scientists, clinicians, and others with a standardized, easy-to-use, and reliable means for evaluating the ability of subjects to identify odors. Detailed instructions are provided in an accompanying manual to acquaint the test administrator with the details of proper test administration. The test employs the following familiar odorants: mint, lemon, leather, banana, orange, paint thinner, garlic, licorice, cloves, pineapple, apple, rose, coffee, fish, cinnamon, and chocolate. The S&S-I is comprised of 16 smell “wands”. The odor of a given wand is contained within a proprietary odor emitting cartridge. When the thumb of the operator pushes forward on a slide mechanism, the odorized tip is exposed for sampling and presented to the subject. Releasing the slide retracts the odorized tip back into the wand’s housing. The Snap & Sniff® mechanism results in an easy presentation of an odorant to a subject. Because the odorant tip is presented only briefly, the odor is retained for much longer periods and can be used for testing many more subjects than devices lacking such sophisticated technology. Liquids, per se, are not present in the sniff wands.

Until the development of the Smell Identification Test™, also known as the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), no convenient means for subjectively assessing smell function was generally available. By incorporating microencapsulation technology and sound psychometric principles into a simple test format, the Smell Identification Test™ filled this void. Although this test was initially designed to provide only a first-step olfactory “screening” function, it became quite clear early on that the test was much more broadly useful than first envisioned and had applicability in numerous clinical, laboratory, and industrial settings. Indeed, the Smell Identification Test™ was found to be more reliable and to correlate more closely in the clinical setting with patient complaints and other indices of dysfunction than more traditional threshold and suprathreshold psychophysical methods. The Smell Identification Test consists of four envelope-sized booklets, each containing ten “scratch & sniff ” odorants. The odorants are embedded in 10- to 50-um urea-formaldehyde polymer microencap- sules fixed in a proprietary binder and positioned on brown strips at the bottom of the test booklets. The stimuli are released by scratching strips with a pencil tip in a standardized manner. Above each odorant strip is a multiple-choice question with four alternative responses. For example, one of the items reads: “This odor smells most like: a) chocolate; b) banana; c) onion; or d) fruit punch.” The test is forced-choice; i.e., the subject is required to mark one of the four alternatives even if no smell is perceived.

The Sensonics’ S&S-D test is a member of Snap & Sniff® Olfactory Testing System. This test, along with the other members of the Snap & Sniff® family, was developed to provide scientists, clinicians, and others with a standardized, easy-to-use, and reliable means for evaluating the ability of subjects to discriminate odors. Detailed instructions are provided in an accompanying manual to minimize variability in test administration. The test employs the following odorants: phenyl ethyl alcohol; anethole; amyl acetate; and guaiacol. Formulated at iso-intensive levels, the wands are presented in groups of 3 and the subject is asked to choose which of the 3 is different. The presentation pattern is intuitive and easy to follow. The Snap & Sniff® Discrimination Test kit is comprised of 20 smell “wands”. The odor of a given wand is contained within a proprietary odor-emitting cartridge. When the thumb of the operator pushes forward on a slide mechanism, the odorized tip is exposed for sampling and presented to the subject. Releasing the slide retracts the odorized tip back into the wand’s housing. The Snap & Sniff® mechanism results in an easy presentation of an odorant to a subject. Because the odorant tip is presented only briefly, the odor is retained for much longer periods and can be used for testing many more subjects than devices lacking such sophisticated technology. Liquids, per se, are not present in the sniff wands.

The Quick Smell Identification Test or Q-SIT® is a rapid assessment of smell ability for bedside/medical applications. The Q-SIT® comes in convenient booklets of 20 pages. Each page has a tear-off portion for presentation to the patient. The tear-off portion contains three microencapsulated odorants with the standard 4-choice identification options. If the patient misses one or more items, testing with Sensonics International’s 40-item Smell Identification Test is suggested in order to assess the degree of smell loss.

The Pediatric Smell Wheel is an attractive game-like test for evaluating olfaction in children. A rotating cardboard disk exposes one of 11 odors at a time for sampling. Multiple-choice alternatives use both words and pictures. When the disk is completely rotated, the child’s answers appear as dark dots in a series of holes in the jacket. The number of dark dots signifies the test score. Can be used as an educational game as well as a smell test. Ideal for classroom education settings.

The Pocket Smell Tests provide a quick 3-, 4-, 6-, or 8-odor forced-choice screening test using the same microencapsulated odorant technology as the Smell Identification Test. It is a very brief screen for gross olfactory dysfunction. If the test subject misses one or more of the test items, then the 40-item Smell Identification Test™ should be given to accurately quantify the degree of smell loss.